| 1973-1979 | Research Assistant, Institute for Agricultural Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna |
| 1978 | Doctorate, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna |
| 1979-1984 | Executive Assistant, Provincial Chamber of Agriculture of Tyrol, Innsbruck |
| 1985-1989 | Director, Provincial Chamber of Agriculture of Tyrol, Innsbruck |
| 1989-1994 | Austrian Federal Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, Vienna |
| 1995-2004 | European Commissioner for Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries, Brussels |
| 2005-2011 | Chairman, Ecosocial Forum Europe, Vienna |
| 2005-2015 | Chairman, RISE-Foundation, Brussels |
| 2014-2015 | Chairman of the Steering Committee of the EU scientific programme for Expo Milano 2015 |
| since 2012 | President, European Forum Alpbach, Vienna |
| since 2016 | President, Board of Trustees to the Austrian Institute of Advanced Studies (IHS), Vienna |
| 1978 | Ph.D., University of Vienna |
| 1979-1989 | Research Fellow, Austrian Academy of Sciences |
| 1980-1998 | Lecturer, Alpen-Adria-University Klagenfurt and University of Vienna |
| 1986-1987 | Visiting Professor, University of Bamberg |
| 1986 | , 1989 and 1997-1998 Visiting Professor, University of California at Berkeley |
| 1988-1989 | Visiting Professor, University of Frankfurt am Main |
| 1989-1997 | Lecturer, Technical University, Vienna |
| 1990-1992 | Director, Institute of Demography, Austrian Academy of Science |
| 1992 | Visiting Professor, University of Zurich |
| 1992-2003 | Head, Department of Demography, Humboldt University, Berlin |
| 1995 | , 1997 Visiting Professor, Alpen-Adria-University Klagenfurt |
| 2000-2001 | Visiting Professor, University of Vienna |
| 2001-2002 | Senior Research Fellow, Department of Mathematics of Finance, Technical University, Vienna |
| since 2003 | Senior Fellow, HWWI - Hamburg Institute of International Economics |
| since 2005 | Senior Researcher, Erste Group Bank AG |
| 2008-2010 | Member, Reflection Group Horizon 2020-2030, European Union |
| since 2009 | Senior Fellow, Migration Policy Center, Washington, D.C. |
| since 2010 | Visiting Professor, University of St. Gallen |
| Member of the Advisory Committee, Alpbach Financial Market Symposium, Vienna |
| 1972 | M.A., Economics, Economics of Foreign Trade, University of Lodz |
| 1978 | Ph.D., Economics, (doctorate in economics), University of Lodz |
| 1979 | Fulbright Scholarship (post-doctoral programme), Columbia University |
| 1985 | American Council of Learned Societies Scholarship, University of Chicago |
| 1986 | Post Doctoral Degree, Economics, Habilitated Doctorate in Economics, University of Lodz |
| 1990 | Visiting Scholar, Center for Economic Policy Research, London School of Economics |
| 1991 | Visiting Scholar, Universität zu Köln (DAAD) |
| 1987-1993 | Head, Chair of Economic Theory, Institute of Economics, Polish Academy of Sciences |
| 1973-1996 | Lecturer, Professor (Tenured), University of Lodz |
| 1993-1996 | Director, Institute of Economics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw |
| 1994-1996 | Vice-Chairman, Council of Socio-Economic Strategy, Council of Ministers |
| | Economic Adviser to the President of the Republic of Poland |
| since 1996 | Consultant, World Bank |
| 1996-1997 | Chief Economic Advisor to the President of Poland |
| 1997 | Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Finance, Government of Poland |
| 1997-2001 | Advisor, Prime Minister of Albania |
| 1998-2001 | Chief Economic Advisor to the President of Poland |
| 2001-2002 | Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Finance, Coalition Provisional Authority, Baghdad, Iraq |
| 2003 | Chairman of the Council for International Coordination for Iraq |
| 2003-2004 | Director of Economic Policy, Coalition Provisional Authority, Iraq |
| 2004-2005 | Prime Minister of Poland |
| 2006-2009 | Executive Secretary, Economic Commission for Europe, United Nations |
| 2009-2010 | Director of the European Department, International Monetary Fund |
| since 2010 | President of Narodowy Bank Polski; Chairman of the Monetary Policy Council |
| 2011-2014 | Steering Committee of the European Systemic Risk Board |
| since 2011 | Chair, World Bank/IMF Development Committee |
| since 2012 | Chair, Vienna 2.0 Initiative Steering Committee |
