| | School education in Speyer, Rheinland-Pfalz, and Kenosha, Wisconsin, USA |
| | Studied Philosophy, History, Ancient History and some Sinology at Heidelberg University |
| 1984-1988 | Member of City Council in Heidelberg |
| 1988-1996 | Member of State Parliament of Baden-Wuerttemberg |
| 1997-1998 | Chairman of Green Party Baden-Wuerttemberg |
| 1998-2002 | Political Director of German Green Party |
| 2002-2008 | Chairman of German Green Party |
| 1974 | Graduated from the Moscow Institute for Foreign Affairs |
| 1981 | PhD in history from the USSR Diplomatic Academy |
| 1974 | Joined the USSR Foreign Ministry |
| 1974-1979 | Staff member of the USSR delegation to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks |
| 1979-1982 | Third secretary, US desk, USSR Foreign Ministry |
| 1982-1987 | Second, first secretary, USSR Embassy in Washington DC |
| 1987-1989 | Staff member, International Department, CPSU Central Committee |
| 1989-1990 | Special adviser to the USSR Minister of Foreign Affairs |
| 1990-1991 | Director, Information Department, Spokesman of the USSR Foreign Ministry |
| 1992-1994 | Deputy Foreign Minister of the Russian Federation, Special Representative of the President of the Russian Federation to the talks on Former Yugoslavia |
| 1994-1998 | Ambassador of the Russian Federation to Belgium, Liaison Ambassador to NATO and WEU |
| 1998-2003 | Ambassador of the Russian Federation to Canada |
| 2003-2006 | Ambassador at Large, MFA, Chairman of Senior Arctic Officials, Arctic Council, Senior Official of Russia at the Barents/Euro-Arctic Council |
| since 2006 | Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation to the United Nations, Representative of the Russian Federation at the UN Security Council Diplomatic rank - Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary (1990) |
| 1966 | B.A. Columbia University |
| 1971-1972 | Lecturer, New York University |
| 1972-1973 | Taught at Harvard University |
| 1973 | Ph.D. Columbia University |
| 1973-1974 | Fellow, Harvard University |
| 1974-1976 | Taught at Hacettepe University, Ankara |
| 1977-1986 | Taught at the University of Pennsylvania |
| 1983-1986 | Director, Middle East Center, University of Pennsylvania |
| 1985-1986 | Professor, University of Hamburg |
| 1986-1992 | Director of Education, Aga Khan Trust for Culture, Paris and Geneva |
| 1992-1993 | Head, Ankara Corporate Affairs Office, Philip Morris International |
| 1994-1995 | Visiting Professor, University of Hamburg |
| 1994 | Initiated a policy dialogue on the future European architecture, Turkey s place in that architecture, EU enlargement, and the effects of the customs union agreement with Turkey. Based on that initiative he established, in cooperation with a broad network of European research institutes and universities, Turkey s EU Membership Observatory now based at the Istanbul Policy Center at Sabanci University |
| 1995-1997 | Professor of Political Science, Bilkent, Ankara (also headed 1995-96 the Department of Political Science and Public Administration) |
| since 2007 | Senior Faculty, Arts and Social Sciences, Sabanci University |
| 1997-2001 | Dean, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul |
| 2001 | Founding and Executive Board Member of the Istanbul Policy Center |
| 2004 | Visiting Professor, Northwestern University |
| 2004-2005 | Alexander Onassis senior fellow and visiting scholar at ELIAMEP: the Hellenic Foundation for European Foreign Policy, Athens |
| since 2009 | Senior Fellow, Transatlantic Academy, Washington. D.C. |
| 1969-1971 | Tutor and Teaching Fellow, Harvard University, Massachusetts |
| 1971-1975 | Assistant Professor of History, Hamilton College, New York |
| 1975-1978 | Deputy Director, Aspen Institute Berlin |
| 1982-1984 | Vice President for Academic Affairs, Longwood College, Virginia |
| 1984-1985 | Senior Vice President, International Management and Development Institute, Washington, D.C. |
| 1985-1992 | Director, West European Studies, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. |
| 1990 | Member of the U.S. delegation to the Copenhagen CSCE Conference |
| 1991 | Guest Professor at the Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, Ebenhausen |
| 1992-1994 | Chief, European Division, Library of Congress |
| 1994-2005 | Democratic Staff Director for European Affairs, U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee and Senior Advisor to U.S. Vice President (then-Senator) Joseph R. Biden, Jr. |
| 1993 | , 2000, 2006 Member of the U.S. delegation to the Wehrkunde Security Conference, Munich |
| 2000 | Speech at Assemblée Nationale, Paris |
| 2004 | Member of the U.S. delegation to the inauguration of Boris Tadic as President of Serbia |
| Speech at Deutscher Bundestag, Berlin |
| 2005 | Speech at NATO Parliamentary Assembly, Copenhagen |
| 2005-2006 | Senior Foreign Policy Advisor and Principal, DLA Piper Rudnick Gray Cary U.S. LLP |
| since 2006 | Senior Fellow, Center for Transatlantic Relations, School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, D.C. |
| since 2007 | Senior Advisor, McLarty Associates (formerly Kissinger McLarty Associates), Washington, D.C. |
| 2009 | Speech at OSCE Permanent Council, Vienna |
| Head of the U.S. Delegation to the 2009 OSCE Human Dimension Implementation Meeting in Warsaw |
| 2010 | Head of the U.S. Delegation to the OSCE 20th Anniversary Conference in Copenhagen |
| 1962-1968 | Student of history and German philology and literature at the University of Vienna, 1968 Promotion to Doctor of Philosophy (major in modern European history) |
| 1969-1973 | Assistant Professor at the University of Vienna |
| 1973 | Entry into the Austrian Foreign Service |
| 1975-1978 | Minister Counselor at the Permanent Mission of Austria to the United Nations, New York |
| 1983-1992 | Foreign Policy Advisor to the Austrian Federal Chancellor |
| 1992-1999 | Ambassador of the Republic of Austria to France |
| 1997-1999 | Ambassador of the Republic of Austria at the Court of St. James |
| 1999-2003 | Director General for European Integration and Economic Affairs in the Austrian Ministry for Foreign Affairs |
| 2003-2008 | Ambassador of the Republic of Austria to the United States of America, Permanent Observer of the Republic of Austria to the Organization of American States (OAS), Non-resident Ambassador of the Republic of Austria to the Commonwealth of the Bahamas |
| 2009 | Appointment as President of the Austrian UNESCO Commission |
| 2013 | Appointment as Chair of the University Board of the University of Vienna |
